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Innovation in Information Technology
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The Price of Global Health : Drug Pricing Strategies to Balance Patient Access and the Funding of Innovation
The Price of Global Health is a unique book that describes the pharmaceutical pricing process and its business, economic and social challenges.Global drug pricing is one of the most hotly debated yet least understood aspects of the pharmaceutical industry.How should drug prices be set and what does it mean for patients?Why do governments increasingly get involved, and what is its impact on the global competitive environment?How can a life-saving industry have a poorer image than gun and tobacco industries, whose products are associated with death?The pharmaceutical industry is under unprecedented pressure due to a combination of declining R&D productivity, payer/provider demands for better value and public pressures to show pricing restraint.Rapidly increasing cost of healthcare, shifts from fee-for-service to value-based reimbursement, public pressure on drug pricing and an increasingly vocal medical community have empowered public and private payers worldwide to be more demanding on evidence of value for the prescription drugs that are brought to market.Pharmaceutical companies have often failed to deliver evidence of patient value, as development decision-making is overly focused on speed to FDA approval rather than speed to commercial success by effectively addressing the many “Access Journey” obstacles that typify today’s much changed pharmaceutical environment. This 3rd edition is significantly expanded with ten new chapters and revised and updated throughout to reflect today’s environment.The contents are reorganized to directly address critical pricing and patient access issues.Ed Schoonveld explains how pharmaceutical prices are determined in a complex global payer environment and what factors influence the process.His insights will help a wide range of audiences from healthcare industry professionals to policy makers, consumers, pharmaceutical company leaders and access and pricing professionals to gain a better understanding of this highly complex and emotionally charged field.
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Pricing : A Guide to Pricing Decisions
This book on pricing decisions gives practical guidance on how to identify customer value, estimating customers’ willingness to pay for these benefits, and on how psychology affects customers’ perception of prices in a market.This strategic view on pricing gives the reader a competitive advantage.It empowers them with means to plan and perform a pricing strategy based on their value propositions. The target group for this book is managers, entrepreneurs, and business students.The book guides the reader in understanding how economics, strategy, marketing, and psychology are combined when it comes to pricing decisions.Further, the chapters contain step-by-step procedures that help managers and entrepreneurs to succeed with complex pricing decisions in busy workdays.The analysis is based on the basic edition of Microsoft Excel software.In sum, the book helps the reader to strategically plan, execute, and win price competitions.It covers topics such as dynamic pricing, estimation of customers willingness to pay, price competition and wars, customers’ reaction to unfair prices, and price tactics and strategy.The book includes specialized chapters on pricing in e-commerce, and pricing in the sharing economy.
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Digital Pricing Strategy : Capturing Value from Digital Innovations
Digital Pricing Strategy provides a best-practice overview of how companies design, analyze, and execute digital pricing strategies.Bringing together insights from academic and professional experts globally, the text covers essential areas of the value and pricing of data, platform pricing, pricing of subscriptions and monetization of the global environment. Case studies, examples and interviews from leading organizations, including Zuora, Honeywell, Relayr, Alcatel Lucent, ABB, Thales, and General Electric, illustrate key concepts in practice.To aid student learning, chapter objectives, summaries, and key questions feature in every chapter, alongside PowerPoint slides and a test bank available online for lecturers. Comprehensive and applied in its approach, this text provides postgraduate, MBA, and Executive Education students with an understanding of the capabilities, processes, and tools that enable executives to effectively implement digital transformations and capture value from digital innovations.
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What is pricing strategy?
Pricing strategy refers to the method a company uses to set the prices of its products or services. It involves analyzing market conditions, competition, and customer demand to determine the most effective pricing approach. Pricing strategy can include various tactics such as cost-plus pricing, value-based pricing, skimming pricing, or penetration pricing. The goal of a pricing strategy is to maximize profits while remaining competitive in the market.
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Is there a pricing error in the online shop?
I'm sorry, but I am unable to access or check the pricing of specific online shops. However, if you suspect a pricing error in an online shop, I would recommend reaching out to the customer service of the online shop to inquire about the pricing discrepancy. They will be able to provide you with the most accurate information and assist you with any pricing issues.
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What is the pricing flexibility?
Pricing flexibility refers to the ability of a company to adjust the prices of its products or services in response to changes in market conditions, competition, or customer demand. This can include the ability to offer discounts, promotions, or adjust pricing strategies to maximize revenue and profitability. Pricing flexibility is important for businesses to remain competitive and responsive to market dynamics, and it allows them to adapt to changing economic conditions and customer preferences.
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What is Apple's pricing strategy?
Apple's pricing strategy is based on a premium pricing model, where they set their prices higher than their competitors to reflect the perceived value of their products. They focus on creating high-quality, innovative products and then price them at a premium to convey a sense of exclusivity and luxury. This strategy helps Apple maintain a strong brand image and allows them to generate higher profit margins. Additionally, Apple also uses a skimming pricing strategy, where they initially set high prices for new products and then gradually lower them over time as the product matures in the market.
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Critical ICT4D (Information and Communication Technologies for Development)
The edited volume Critical ICT4D highlights the need for a paradigm change in theorising, designing, and researching Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D).Engaging authors from the Majority World and entering a process of restoring epistemic justice in knowledge production and ownership, the text:Reflects on the histories and narratives around development programmes, their deep-rooted socio-political background, and the power relations integrated into or induced by such measuresProblematises the current scholarship and practices through decolonial and pluralistic approaches built with an explicit perspective of resisting epistemic violenceConstructs justice-enacting engagements of technologies with society. Offering thematic discussions in many development sectors with up-to-date case studies informed by recent research in the field, it sheds light on constructive contributions of critical ICT4D research.Written in accessible language, the book will appeal to postgraduate students, fellow researchers, policymakers in the fields of sociology, development studies, STS, critical data studies, surveillance studies, international relations, public administration, and information systems. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.
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The Language of ICT : Information and Communication Technology
The Language of ICT:* explores the nature of the electronic word and presents the new types of text in which it is found* examines the impact of the rapid technological change we are living through* analyses different texts, including email and answerphone messages, webpages, faxes, computer games and articles about IT* provides detailed guidance on downloading material from the web, gives URLs to visit, and includes a dedicated webpage* includes a comprehensive glossary of terms.
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Communication and Information Technology in (Intercultural) Language Teaching
The topic of this book is in congruence with the current trends in foreign language education worldwide.On the one hand, it tackles the concept and implementation of intercultural language teaching; on the other, it analyses the circumstances in which information and communication technology may be utilised in the contemporary EFL classroom.Both intercultural teaching and Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) have been promoted by national/international educational documents in Europe, the USA and Asia, and endorsed by international organisations, including the Council of Europe and UNESCO.This book constitutes a pioneering attempt at establishing the role of ICT in English language and culture teaching within the Polish education system.However, the research instruments used within both research modules are applicable to other education systems worldwide, while the results obtained have implications for intercultural and computer-assisted language education in international contexts.The research results presented in the book highlight to the broad EFL profession a wide range of issues relating to the use of ICT in the foreign language classroom.They also offer materials writers, software designers and EFL teachers criteria with which to evaluate the intercultural component of CALL software.
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Is this pricing policy fair?
The fairness of the pricing policy depends on various factors such as the cost of production, market demand, and the value provided to the customers. If the pricing policy is based on transparent and reasonable factors, and if it allows for a fair return on investment for the company while providing value to the customers, then it can be considered fair. However, if the pricing policy is based on unfair practices such as price gouging or exploiting customer demand, then it would not be considered fair. Ultimately, fairness is subjective and can vary based on individual perspectives and circumstances.
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How is pricing determined in markets?
Pricing in markets is determined by the interaction of supply and demand. When the demand for a product or service is high and the supply is limited, the price tends to increase. Conversely, when the supply is high and the demand is low, the price tends to decrease. Additionally, factors such as production costs, competition, and consumer preferences also play a role in determining pricing in markets. Ultimately, pricing is a result of the balance between what consumers are willing to pay and what producers are willing to accept.
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How can lifestyle affect pricing strategy?
Lifestyle can affect pricing strategy in several ways. For example, if a target market has a high disposable income and values luxury and premium products, a company may choose to implement a premium pricing strategy to reflect the perceived value of their products. On the other hand, if the target market is more price-sensitive and values practicality, a company may opt for a value-based pricing strategy to appeal to this demographic. Additionally, lifestyle factors such as cultural preferences, spending habits, and purchasing behavior can also influence how a company sets its prices to align with the lifestyle of its target customers.
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How is pricing determined for horses?
Pricing for horses is determined by various factors such as breed, age, training, temperament, health, and performance record. The pedigree and bloodline of the horse also play a significant role in determining its price. Additionally, market demand, location, and the reputation of the seller can influence the pricing of a horse. Ultimately, the price of a horse is a reflection of its perceived value based on these factors.
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